From my understanding (and I would love to be wrong about this, but I'm not taking the risk), when you are doing a trade-in with a dealer, and you still owe money on that car, you are in fact, still putting yourself at risk, and don't even realize it.
However, the dealer is highly motivated to take care of the payoff right away so it can get the title, and then resell your vehicle. But that doesn't always happen. So while a dealer can and most often will do this quickly, they don't always do that. So even with a dealer, you are exposed to risk. There are a bunch of ways this can go wrong, and in the bank's eyes, you are STILL liable for the loan, until it is paid off.
In the case of the VW buybacks, VW is also motivated to take care of this right away, so they can get the titles/liens released to the vehicles in question from the banks. HOWEVER, VW is not exactly meeting its obligations of managing these transactions quickly and sticking to the court-approved dates! Do you want to take a chance with that? So you are STILL liable for the loans until VW gets their act together. In THEORY you'd think that VW (or a dealer that you trade in a car with) would be responsible for paying the extra interest, etc... but some dealers play games with timing and payoff dates too, etc... and you don't even realize this when you do a trade in!
Here are a couple of links for you to read about how loan payoffs from dealer trade-ins actually work, and some of the risks:
http://www.consumer.ga.gov/consumer...er-to-pay-off-your-loan-can-be-risky-business
http://www.consumerlawgroup.com/blog/2014/06/games-dealers-play-not-paying-off-the-trade-in.shtml
http://www.consumerreports.org/cro/...ar-ensure-the-auto-loan-is-paid-off/index.htm
The list goes on and on about the potential hazards of what can happen.
My very humble advice: 1) keep paying off the loan until VW finally takes care of business... and 2) if VW delays too long, then call the class counsel and raise a ruckus to get VW to honor their agreement.
My two bits only. I am not a lawyer. YMMV.