Bought my '15 Passat TDI SEL in Aug 15. Paid $29.5K incl tax, title, etc. Have not spent one cent on maintenance or mods. Looks like I will get $32.7K via the buyback. Can't believe I am the only person realizing a profit by this mess. Given that those numbers are in the public record, I would assume I am going to be hit with a long term capital gain on that profit if 1099's are sent out by VW.
The settlement does raise the question of tax treatment.
While the settlement includes CARB, the EPA, DOJ, and FTC, it does not include the IRS.
I expect the IRS will provide guidance in the future as to how it views the various payments available through the settlement, once the settlement is final, including whether or not it will require VW to issue 1099s, if the buyback is to be treated as an "involuntary conversion, and to what extent you may avail yourself of "like-kind exchange" treatment.
If you drove the car for business and claimed depreciation, you normally are required to report ordinary gain from an outright sale (i.e., you do not use the vehicle as a trade toward another car or other property) of the car to the extent that your sale proceeds exceed the adjusted tax basis for the vehicle.
If you drove the car solely for personal use, you normally have a capital gain to the extent the sale proceeds exceed the original purchase price, plus sales tax, plus any equipment added after you bought it.
Things like insurance and interest paid on a car loan do not factor in to what you paid for the car.
State laws (typically in conjunction with that state's lemon laws) from a manufacturer buy-back vary as to what extent you may use the proceeds to buy another vehicle and not pay sales tax on that new vehicle. In Wisconsin, if the manufacturer buys back a vehicle under the lemon law, and you traded in a car when you bought the lemon, you are treated as trading in that vehicle again when you purchase another vehicle, provided the manufacturer gives you a letter stating what the trade-in value allowed was when you purchased the lemon.