To answer some questions:
Unfortunately I already got rid of the tires. The other one looked almost the same.
These were Nokian Hakkapellitas. They had come off of another VW and were about 7 years old.
I did not hit any major potholes this winter. The car only has 20k miles on it. I highly doubt I have bad struts, a messed up camber, or anything dealing with the car. It just came out of the shop and all was good (says the guy that told me I have a season left on these tires....). I did initially have an alignment issue after I put the tires on during a snow storm in January (or Feb). After we had a few days of above freezing temps the problem went away, which led me to believe it was ice or slush inside the wheel.
After some more research I am tempted to think this was a bad belt (old age, many miles on tires), and the situation was exacerbated by spirited driving in weather too warm for the tire.