Okay, so I did the TB change last weekend, and to time the IP I followed this procedure in the FAQ (since I don't have a factory service manual):
Section 7. K. of the TDIFAQ's:
If you don't have the factory service manual, select "Measuring Blocks", and go to group 4. Do NOT use "basic settings" for this method. The displays show the requested injection timing, the actual measured injection timing, and the duty cycle of the advance solenoid. At warm idle in neutral, requested timing should be between 0.4 and 2.0 degrees BTDC. If the actual timing is not more than roughly 3.0 degrees BTDC, and the duty cycle of the advance solenoid is not more than 10%, the timing is good ... don't do anything further. If actual timing is more than 3.0 degrees BTDC, you need to make a mechanical "retard" adjustment. If the duty cycle is more than 10%, you need to make a mechanical "advance" adjustment.
The engine started and idled fine, though I remarked to my wife that it sounded a bit "growly". Anyway, after plugging in my VC and following the steps above I saw these readings:
Specified advance: 1.8 degrees
Actual advance: 16.4 degrees
Duty cycle: 2.x%
I made a mechanical retard adjustment, which brought the actual down to 7 degrees. A second brought it down to 4.4 degrees, and a third down to 2.9 degrees, so that's where I left it. Specified advance and duty cycle didn't change. The engine sounds very smooth, starts the instant the button is hit, and seems to make full power (never impressive, but that's not why I bought this, my third VW diesel).
I'll check the numbers when I get to work.
Here are the numbers after a 20 minute drive to work.
Specified: 0.4 *BTDC
Actual: 2.9 *BTDC
Duty cycle: 2.8%
Off to read about adaptation, I guess!