Hi,
This happened to me yesterday after changing the air filter housing. In your case the vacuum line may be clogged, in other words the pump receives (almost) no fresh air from the vacuum port.
I fixed the problem (vacuum port was blocked, I drilled it open), but I found no stored fault codes other than a fuel temperature sensor fault, which was most likely a symptom rather than a cause. If you can log vacuum pressure with VCDS (I honestly don't know), that would help.
The white smoke in my case smelled strongly of diesel, I would look for a more burning smell and a bluish white smoke if there's oil being leaked/burned. The white smoke turned to black after I fixed the problem as the unburnt fuel left in the exhaust tract was burned with increasing temperatures during accelerations.
I would start with diagnosing whether the smoke is oil or unburnt fuel. I'm leaning towards fuel, as I can't think of a reason why oil leaking through turbo seals could dramatically reduce power. Something intake related would explain both the loss of power and overfueling.