If it's like mine was, (build date 04/06):
The center "IS" part of the canister..
In my first attempts, I tried pushing down and turning, trying to "unlock" the filter,, didn't work... It just needed to come "UP"...
Grab the filter, Rotate any direction and pull out at the same time. It has a very tight "O" ring that rides on the center shaft . You could even go so far as to use two flat screwdrivers on opposing sides to pry the filter upwards.
Also, if you plan on cleaning the canister you might want to remove it via the 2 10mm bolts and 1 nut, THEN removing the filter..> That way you don't get (as much) diesel all over the car.
Hope this helps!