Actually, it's not considerable: 1 dB is the smallest difference in sound pressure level that can be detected by the human ear. The 2 dB between these tires may well be barely perceptible to most people.
In truth, the dB difference is pretty much meaningless without discussing the frequency of the sound. Humans perceive much smaller dB differences around certain frequencies and don't perceive much larger dB differences around some others. So it's not just the sound pressure level but also the frequency composition of the sound that affects how we perceive the sound.
No its not meaningless.
We are not talking about perceived sound levels to the human ear (Psycho-Acoustics). We are talking about measured sound pressure (energy) as measured by the tyre manufacturer. This is about fuel economy when changing rim sizes.
We are then talking about 4 tyres, 4 times the change.
A Bel is an order of magnitude (10 times) of power and a decibel is one tenth that. Thus, 1 dB is a power change of about 26% (10^0.1). Frequently decibels are referenced to a standard power level. For example, dBm means dB referenced to a milliwatt where 0 dBm is one milliwatt, -10 dBm is 0.1 milliwatts, +20 dBm is 100 milliwatts, and so forth. This means each decibel is a different amount of watts depending where on the scale you are. At 0 dBm, one decibel means about 0.26 milliwatts but at +30 dBm (1 watt) one decibel is 0.26 watts.
For sound levels, the same kind of thing is true. 0 decibels SPL (Sound Pressure Level) is a specific amplitude of sound level (yes, there can be negative values). Going from 50 dB SPL to 51 dB SPL requires a lot less watts than going from 100 to 101 dB SPL.