Electric vehicles (EVs), their emissions, and future viability

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Max Period

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240V charging (L2) is a bit more efficient than 120V (L1) charging. However L1 charging is inefficient at short durations.

However if you buy L2 charger you're going for the charging speed and not saving money. The savings in electricity cost by going L2 will never pay for the cost of the charger.

http://ieeexplore.ieee.org/xpl/login.jsp?tp=&arnumber=7046253&url=http%3A%2F%2Fieeexplore.ieee.org%2Fiel7%2F7038626%2F7046205%2F07046253.pdf%3Farnumber%3D7046253

https://www.veic.org/docs/Transportation/20130320-EVT-NRA-Final-Report.pdf
 

bhtooefr

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Wood gasification isn't exactly the efficient way to go, though - FAME biodiesel would likely be more efficient.
 

Chris

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240V charging (L2) is a bit more efficient than 120V (L1) charging. However L1 charging is inefficient at short durations.

However if you buy L2 charger you're going for the charging speed and not saving money. The savings in electricity cost by going L2 will never pay for the cost of the charger.

http://ieeexplore.ieee.org/xpl/login.jsp?tp=&arnumber=7046253&url=http%3A%2F%2Fieeexplore.ieee.org%2Fiel7%2F7038626%2F7046205%2F07046253.pdf%3Farnumber%3D7046253

https://www.veic.org/docs/Transportation/20130320-EVT-NRA-Final-Report.pdf
In my case the L2 allows me to use a separate meter that gives me 1/2 rate electricity at night.
At L1 I couldn't get a full charge within off-peak hours.
 

TDI2000Zim

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gene r

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Earlier I suggested that while you remove the ICE and many of the pitfalls related to a gas engine/transmission, the rest of the car is just that...a car...one that needs maintenance.

Latest CR on Tesla
http://jalopnik.com/consumer-reports-falls-out-of-love-with-tesla-rates-th-1737618882
I bought mine in very early 2013. I have had a few minor issues. But Tesla service is extraordinary. I also have a TDI, it has lots of problems and VW service sucks (Not to mention that the TDI is near worthless).

As stated by Consumers Reports: 97% would buy the Tesla again. This is the highest in the industry.

*Stifel Analyst Albertine Earlier Issued Late-Day Note Suggesting 'Many, If Not All' Consumer Reports Concerns Previously Brought Up, Addressed, Remedied by Co. Over Last Two to Three Years"
 

turbovan+tdi

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nwdiver

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Earlier I suggested that while you remove the ICE and many of the pitfalls related to a gas engine/transmission, the rest of the car is just that...a car...one that needs maintenance.

Latest CR on Tesla
http://jalopnik.com/consumer-reports-falls-out-of-love-with-tesla-rates-th-1737618882
Hmmm.... lets use a smidgen of common sense here... what do you think it more probable;

- Replacing a pretty complicated ICE with an AC motor + inverter... which can operate continuously for years in dozens of other applications somehow makes a car less reliable;

OR

- Tesla is doubling production every year and increasing production that fast without QA issue is really really challenging...

These issues are getting worked out... I've got >75k miles on my car with ZERO maintenance to the drive train without voiding the warranty; Try doing that to any ICE vehicle ;)

From my ICE days... pretty... pretty sure that >80% of the maintenance was to components that my current car no longer has... and the components that replaced them seldom require (for ~500k miles) and haven't required any maintenance.
 
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gcodori

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These issues are getting worked out... I've got >75k miles on my car with ZERO maintenance to the drive train without voiding the warranty; Try doing that to any ICE vehicle ;)
Well....I can say that I've gone 266,000 miles without changing the transmission fluid on a 2001 TDI beetle. Using the same logic I can say the old school automatics are maintenence free (we all know they are not). I've been lucky.

The tesla is a modern marvel that's for sure. But they are still cars that will require work. Less than ICE. Much less. Everyone agrees that they will last much longer.

The bigger issue is what will repair costs be after the 4 yeast warrantee is up. And how will the model 3 hold up being built to a lower price point?


Sent from my SM-N910V using Tapatalk
 

nwdiver

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Well....I can say that I've gone 266,000 miles without changing the transmission fluid on a 2001 TDI beetle. Using the same logic I can say the old school automatics are maintenence free (we all know they are not). I've been lucky.
- How many oil changes?
- How many glow plugs?
- How many fuel filters?
- How many oil filters?
- How many accessory belts?
- How many timing belts?
- How many tensioners?
- How much Ad Blue?
- How many EGR valve cleanings?
- How many EGR cooler cleanings?
- How many fuel injectors?

An EV has none of these things... All these items are replaced by a battery, an inverter and AC motors. Everywhere else that these components are used they can operate for years with ZERO maintenance.

Yes; the rest of the car is still a car but the transition to an electric drive train deletes over a dozen maintenance items.
 
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minilooker

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Well it is true that electric vehicles will surely rule the future, but for now we can still enjoy our beloved diesel powered engine. The thing with electric vehicle is that they are boring and if used now the question is where and how much would it cost to maintain one.
 

gcodori

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- How many oil changes?
- How many glow plugs?
- How many fuel filters?
- How many oil filters?
- How many accessory belts?
- How many timing belts?
- How many tensioners?
- How much Ad Blue?
- How many EGR valve cleanings?
- How many EGR cooler cleanings?
- How many fuel injectors?

An EV has none of these things... All these items are replaced by a battery, an inverter and AC motors. Everywhere else that these components are used they can operate for years with ZERO maintenance.

Yes; the rest of the car is still a car but the transition to an electric drive train deletes over a dozen maintenance items.
Again...yes we all know it doesn't have an ICE. That wasn't the point of my post.

My post said my transmission, not the rest of the car. And my post was more about the argument that someone went 75K without an issue and exclaiming that ALL EVs are bullet proof. I was saying I can use the same logic on my transmission, which everyone on this forum knows is the furthest from bullet proof.

Simply arguing against the huge leaps made when using one example of reliability and extrapolating it across the entire known set of items. CR had a tesla that couldn't even be tested due to a major breakdown. I'm arguing against making assumptions of using extreme examples.

PS - 2 belt changes (every 100K/10 years). 1 glow plug changed (Only did this to clear a code - I live in a warm area - was not needed). 1 fuel filter. Oil once a year (it's not my DD any more). No adblue, no EGR, no injector/intake cleaning. Never once drained the radiator (you didn't ask). Never seen the inside of a dealer service bay. No recalls performed, etc. I've put more washer fluid into it than anti-freeze (never even cracked open the radiator cap). Sounds like a money pit, no?

People always say diesels are expensive to maintain/need more work. It's mostly true. But I don't go around pointing at my car saying "all diesels are bullet proof" because of my experience with mine over almost 300K miles.
 

nicklockard

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Buzzzz. WRONG! It is the other taxpayers who then have to subsidize the credit you get. People can (and do) end up getting more money back than they paid in taxes thanks to credits.
To those criticizing subsidies: are you proportionately outraged at the trillions of dollars of subsidies oil, coal, and gas have and continue to recieve?
 

SuburbanTDI

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No. Because I don't buy the tale that the defense budget or the war on terror are gifts to ExxonMobil.
 

makattack

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No. Because I don't buy the tale that the defense budget or the war on terror are gifts to ExxonMobil.
Even the oil companies admit their "gifts" exist... they just call them huge tax deductions.

http://www.api.org/policy-and-issues/policy-items/taxes/truth-about-subsidies

All that said, this thread does have me kind of laughing at the similarities in my RC airplane hobby.

The old school nitro (oil) burners have been supplanted by gasoline burning ICE motors, and all that is now seeing a big shift towards electric.

They're so much cheaper, easier to handle, that it's really changing the hobby and making it much more accessible. Too accessible to some...

I definitely see similarities. At the moment, electric is saddled with range / flight duration issues and all that is due to the chemistry/physics of the lithium polymer batteries that are the main power source.

That said, I am a happy, new driver of a 2015 GSW TDI.
 

SuburbanTDI

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If you read your own link you'd notice that tax deductions are necessary in order to arrive at net income.

If I spend say, a billion dollars on an offshore oil platform that lasts say 10 years - how would you have me deduct it fairly? Today, over ten years equally, staggered or not at all?

This is a world apart from the Government paying 1/3 of the sales price or handing out free electricity. A world apart.

Subsidies are not the same as standard deductions. Here's an easy test, would you swap business models as interchangeable? Have oil run under alt energy rules, alt energy run under the oil rules?
 

makattack

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It's not quite as simple as that... I indeed did read that petroleum institute page, but they glossed over the details and generalized information to the point where it doesn't really say much.

I also read this Forbes article to better balance it out:
http://www.forbes.com/sites/energys...il-subsidies-persist-even-liberals-love-them/

Oil subsidies are just a part of our economy and too hard to eliminate is my conclusion.
 

rotarykid

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how about a reality check here............

Ultra-Fine PMs put out in unmeasured or regulated today amounts mainly put out in largest amounts by large displacement powered light to meduim duty pukeups......

Since 2009 when VW introduced the TDI-CR engine'd car sold here in ~480,000 units sold......These engines in many cases put out cleaner air than they take in!

Compare that to ~3,000,000 a year(~18,000,000 units sold over that same with 10s of thousands of more of these sold every month) light & medium duty pukeup sold with gas guzzling V8 engines producing the real killer of us all in the auto fleet, Ultra-Fine PMs in the Mega-Tons............

Now lets look at the reality today that 70-80 % of the electricity produced/consumed today across the US is made from coal......

And for the fantasy some are throwing around out there on this thread and other places....... California contrary to politcal non-sense being spewed in this thread has ony tail piped shifted that pollution still reling on coal to get the majority of their energy.....They have closed local coal fired plants shifting productiion to the coal fired plants in the rest of the west, they have not gone to cleaner energy production for the majority of what is used today in that state!!!!!!!!!!!!!

These subsidies EV industry relies on for their very existance are not like the oil & coal subsidies given.......Not in any way when looked at in how they are given compared to how useless they are in the real world when cost of production is looked at compared to what is given in similar with gasoline or diesel power for qas little as 1/10th the cost!!!

While the operation of our economy and our entire society is built on these energy subsidies, the EV industy gives nothing useful for the cost of what they are currerntly given...........

Please give a real reason why an EV which is recieving road tax & income tax cheat status today deserves such when you can go to any dealer and purchase a subcompact class auto for as little as 1/10th the price(without the tax give away required) a vehicle which can in most conditions return high 30s to low 40s mpgs real world for hundreds of thousands of miles.....


Or why these less than Useless to most of us EVs deserve such a break in emissions( real emissions they are shifting to other parts of the US to get their power) while we have in law today emissions regs which in no way give us cleaner air on light duty diesels??????????

This is a system which is in no way fair to anyone, we are blocked from having the most fuel efficient autos ever built or concieved of small displacement light duty diesel autos by emissions regulations designed to block the sale of such.....laws never intended to clean up any air.....


how could these stupidly over stringent light duty diesel emissions laws give us cleaner air when NO ONE HAS SOLD THESE VEHICLES HERE IN THE US FOR 3 DECADES NOW!!!!!!!!!!!


Over the 6 years VW is acused of skirting the law at best on NOx regs....


~18,000,000 light & meduim duty large displacement gasoline engine'd pukeups real world wasting gas @ ~8-10 city /12-15 highway....spewing mega-tons of unregulated nor measured today ultra-fine PMs.......

480,000 VWAG ligh duty diesels sipping fuel @ 40-50+ mpgUS for this time.....Acused of expelling under specific conditions putting out excess NOx.....

Then throw into this mix EVs given legal road tax cheat tax status, given extreme for the little they give back tax credits, the tail pipe shifting of thier pollution to the reeal world 70-80% of the national grid coal fire power production!!!!!!!

Bringing up coal and oil subsidies, bringing them into this discussion when those subsidies help us all giving us cheaper energy to run our homes, busineses, everything our society is based on as defence for giving the less than useless to most in the real world, giving nothing that is not already given in the average compact car for as little as 1/10th the cost......A little............

Na, call it what it really is, EVs with current tech are Bullshirt at best, a snow job the repeating of lie by those who know they are stealing from the rest of us to finance their dream,,,,,,litterally dream fantasy machines............

They deserve nothing in break from road taxes of any sorts, or in tax credits for the next to nothing they really give when compared to their costs of production/sale($70-100+k) compared to what any of us can go to any makes dealership and get in a small gasoline powered auto class vehicle for far less than $10-15k today.......

And please leave the hybrids out of this discussion, they are not the same in any way so are irrelevant to this discussions as titled on the thread...

EVs rely on grid power to move( dirty coal produced power compared gasoling or diesel engine'd offerings ), their production costs are excessive cmapared to all gasoline or diesel powered offerings giving nothing that these can not give for as little as 1/10th the cost), most have such a short driving range as to be useless for most in the world I live in to ever consider them..........
 

turbovan+tdi

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Don't forget, EV car's don't pay road tax's either, edit, or very little, as in peanuts.
 
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gene r

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Funny, when I read the title to this thread " Electric vehicles (EVs), their emissions, and future viability", I always think "ICE vehicles, their emissions, and future viability"
 

bhtooefr

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Since 2009 when VW introduced the TDI-CR engine'd car sold here in ~480,000 units sold......These engines in many cases put out cleaner air than they take in!
False. Emissions testing includes correcting for background pollutants: http://www.ecfr.gov/cgi-bin/text-id...&node=pt40.33.1065&rgn=div5#se40.33.1065_1520

Now lets look at the reality today that 70-80 % of the electricity produced/consumed today across the US is made from coal......
False. The actual figure is 39%: http://www.eia.gov/tools/faqs/faq.cfm?id=427&t=3

And for the fantasy some are throwing around out there on this thread and other places....... California contrary to politcal non-sense being spewed in this thread has ony tail piped shifted that pollution still reling on coal to get the majority of their energy.....They have closed local coal fired plants shifting productiion to the coal fired plants in the rest of the west, they have not gone to cleaner energy production for the majority of what is used today in that state!!!!!!!!!!!!!
False. EIA estimates show that coal is a tiny percentage of their consumption, even counting interstate electricity flow: http://www.eia.gov/state/?sid=CA#tabs-1 (They are using a lot of natural gas, though.) And, even if it was tail-pipe shifted, it would have shifted it away from population areas that are extremely smog-prone.

These subsidies EV industry relies on for their very existance are not like the oil & coal subsidies given.......Not in any way when looked at in how they are given compared to how useless they are in the real world when cost of production is looked at compared to what is given in similar with gasoline or diesel power for qas little as 1/10th the cost!!!
While the operation of our economy and our entire society is built on these energy subsidies, the EV industy gives nothing useful for the cost of what they are currerntly given...........
Using EVs instead of ICE vehicles can provide significant improvements in public health, by eliminating tailpipe PM entirely (including ultrafines) and reducing brake PM, eliminating local NOx emissions, eliminating local VOC emissions, and similar improvements. It also reduces real energy consumption in most parts of the US, especially in stop-and-go traffic. And, for 85% of the US, their commute distances are 50 mi or less round trip (source: http://www.statisticbrain.com/commute-statistics/), which any of the EVs on the market can do no problem.

Please give a real reason why an EV which is recieving road tax & income tax cheat status today deserves such when you can go to any dealer and purchase a subcompact class auto for as little as 1/10th the price(without the tax give away required) a vehicle which can in most conditions return high 30s to low 40s mpgs real world for hundreds of thousands of miles.....
Comparing a Nissan Versa or Mitsubishi Mirage to a fully loaded Tesla (that's what it takes to get to 10x the cheapest cars in the US) is disingenous. The person driving the fully loaded Tesla wasn't going to buy a Versa or Mirage, they were going to buy a luxury sedan from another automaker. A much more fair comparison would be to vehicles like the Leaf or i-MiEV, which are around 2 times the price of their ICE counterparts, not ten.

Or why these less than Useless to most of us EVs deserve such a break in emissions( real emissions they are shifting to other parts of the US to get their power) while we have in law today emissions regs which in no way give us cleaner air on light duty diesels??????????
Even when an EV does have poor emissions (in an area where coal power is heavy), it's still shifting it away from population areas. Emissions don't matter as much in low traffic rural areas, but they definitely matter in urban areas, so if you can move the emissions, you're better off overall.

This is a system which is in no way fair to anyone, we are blocked from having the most fuel efficient autos ever built or concieved of small displacement light duty diesel autos by emissions regulations designed to block the sale of such.....laws never intended to clean up any air.....
how could these stupidly over stringent light duty diesel emissions laws give us cleaner air when NO ONE HAS SOLD THESE VEHICLES HERE IN THE US FOR 3 DECADES NOW!!!!!!!!!!!
Have you considered that maybe we have cleaner air because light duty diesels are rare? Just look at European cities and their horrendous smog problems.

Over the 6 years VW is acused of skirting the law at best on NOx regs....
~18,000,000 light & meduim duty large displacement gasoline engine'd pukeups real world wasting gas @ ~8-10 city /12-15 highway....spewing mega-tons of unregulated nor measured today ultra-fine PMs.......
UFP regulations are potentially coming in 2017.

Bringing up coal and oil subsidies, bringing them into this discussion when those subsidies help us all giving us cheaper energy to run our homes, busineses, everything our society is based on as defence for giving the less than useless to most in the real world, giving nothing that is not already given in the average compact car for as little as 1/10th the cost......A little............
Have you considered that maybe energy should be more expensive? That might encourage behaviors that would reduce energy consumption. In any case, renewable subsidies are usually to make them competitive with coal and oil, which are also subsidizied.

They deserve nothing in break from road taxes of any sorts, or in tax credits for the next to nothing they really give when compared to their costs of production/sale($70-100+k) compared to what any of us can go to any makes dealership and get in a small gasoline powered auto class vehicle for far less than $10-15k today.......
There are EVs as cheap as $23k before incentives on the US market today. Not exactly $70k.

EVs rely on grid power to move( dirty coal produced power compared gasoling or diesel engine'd offerings ), their production costs are excessive cmapared to all gasoline or diesel powered offerings giving nothing that these can not give for as little as 1/10th the cost), most have such a short driving range as to be useless for most in the world I live in to ever consider them..........
I've already debunked your claim that it's mostly coal (it is in some parts of the country, but on average, it isn't). Their production costs are high, but falling, and not excessive. And, thanks for admitting that it's only in your world that they fall short of a range requirement. I wouldn't recommend an EV for you, but there's plenty of people that don't require TDI range, and any of the EVs will get them to and from work just fine.

Oh, and roads are subsidized altogether, actually - only 50.4% of state and local road expenditure is from user fees (tolls) and taxes (fuel and registration): http://taxfoundation.org/article/ga...-fees-pay-only-half-state-local-road-spending
 

nwdiver

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California contrary to politcal non-sense being spewed in this thread has ony tail piped shifted that pollution still reling on coal to get the majority of their energy.....They have closed local coal fired plants shifting productiion to the coal fired plants in the rest of the west, they have not gone to cleaner energy production for the majority of what is used today in that state!!!!!!!!!!!!!
Ohhh.... it's fun when people are so quantifiably wrong... pretty much your entire rant was wrong but this is all I have time for now ;)

Solar production has increased >10 fold in the last 4 years. The use of imported coal generated power has been slashed by ~50% even as power demand has increased ~20%.

I have no problem paying for the road wear my EV causes... after ICE drivers start paying for their carbon emissions; And Yeah, please charge us for the carbon emissions from electricity too ;)
 

gene r

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@nwdriver and bhtooefr, thanks for taking the time to respond. Many people just have such fear of change. I was a big diesel guy for years and years. On top of that I have also been an engine rebuild specialist for VW and Audi. When I lived in Europe I worked for Renault and Citroen. My whole life and culture was ICE. Yet it took only 3 months of owning an EV for me to realize how much better EV is in all cases. The irony here is that these people defending ICE so strongly will be the very proponents of EV soon enough. As ICE becomes passe' in a few years, they will ride in a friend's EV, or take a test drive. They'll then realize what we have learned. I have seen this happen with countless people. I have suggested many times on this forum that these anti-EV folks test drive a Leaf, a Spark EV, a Fiat 500e, or even a Tesla. Then come back and let us your thoughts. All of us on this planet have driven ICE, but a small minority has actually driven EV. For those that slam EV's, they just haven't driven one yet. Kinda' like a 6th grader talking big about sex when he hasn't been laid yet. You can't talk about something you haven't actually tried yet.
 

GoFaster

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The superiority complex exhibited by quite a number of EV and hybrid owners is doing nothing to help their cause.

I got stuck behind a Nissan Leaf on a two-lane road with limited overtaking opportunity due to hills and oncoming traffic. It never exceeded 70 km/h in an 80 zone on a road where everyone normally goes 90 - 100. The length of the tailback after about 10 - 15 km of this was something to behold. Fortunately, I was only fourth in line. The two in front were too timid to overtake, but I managed to get past the whole lot.

They can chuck that useless turd of a car in the dustbin, as far as I'm concerned.

The Tesla is the only EV you can buy that is any good, and it's really good. But it's too rich for me, and the manufacturer is still not making money if it weren't for the subsidies. I also fully realize that we're probably only a year or two away from a couple of EVs that are likely to be game changers.
 

saGhost

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The Tesla is the only EV you can buy that is any good, and it's really good. But it's too rich for me, and the manufacturer is still not making money if it weren't for the subsidies. I also fully realize that we're probably only a year or two away from a couple of EVs that are likely to be game changers.
Tesla's making plenty of money - they are just plowing it back into expanding their business as rapidly as they (safely) can.

Elon and other Tesla leaders are on record that they have ~25% gross margin built in to the Model S without subsidies - according to what I found in a quick google search here, the typical manufacturer averages about 12.6% gross margin.

There's plenty of money in the business for Tesla - but they've been expanding and expanding and expanding some more - in a couple years they expect to build more Lithium cells than the entire industry did a few years ago, which is what they need in order to make their affordable 500k/year model work.
Walter
 
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GoFaster

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You are pushing your luck. I am not amused by your attitude in particular, and that last post means you didn't get the hint that you were given previously.

A good many people won't buy Priuses because of the stigma that many current Prius owners have created.

The same thing will happen with EVs if EV owners push their attitude too far. May already be happening.

You go back and moderate your comments and I'll edit this one. Deadline, tomorrow.
 

nwdiver

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You are pushing your luck. I am not amused by your attitude in particular, and that last post means you didn't get the hint that you were given previously.

A good many people won't buy Priuses because of the stigma that many current Prius owners have created.

The same thing will happen with EVs if EV owners push their attitude too far. May already be happening.

You go back and moderate your comments and I'll edit this one. Deadline, tomorrow.
LOL... What... pointing out basic human psychology? If a LEAF driver and a TDI driver both act like jerks on the road... which are you more likely to remember? That's confirmation bias... happens to the best of us. Part of being human.
 

bhtooefr

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The superiority complex exhibited by quite a number of EV and hybrid owners is doing nothing to help their cause.
Although the same could be said about diesel owners and diesel non-owners, there's another thread proving that point.

I got stuck behind a Nissan Leaf on a two-lane road with limited overtaking opportunity due to hills and oncoming traffic. It never exceeded 70 km/h in an 80 zone on a road where everyone normally goes 90 - 100. The length of the tailback after about 10 - 15 km of this was something to behold. Fortunately, I was only fourth in line. The two in front were too timid to overtake, but I managed to get past the whole lot.

They can chuck that useless turd of a car in the dustbin, as far as I'm concerned.
Let's be fair, it would've been perfectly capable of going along with the flow of traffic. What its driver was doing does not make it a "useless turd of a car", and there's plenty of TDI owners that would drive like that too.
 
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