my bet is on sticking while under boost/load, despite appearing fine while testing at rest. have seen this quite a few times and pretty sure that's what's happening. you could try to spray it cram full of foaming degreaser (like from walmart) and let it soak and actuate the vanes, spray in some more and repeat again, then blow it out the exhaust with relay 109 disconnected while starting. never actually done that but it might work well enough, else need to take turbo apart for a real clean, possibly dremel/sanding off any pitting on the machine surfaces - which is totally fine to do, have done this on wifes car.