Interesting conversation, but most of it is irrelevant to the OP. I'm not aware of larger injectors for the EA288 engine. Regardless, there's plenty of fuel available through electronic adjustment. Turbo upgrades don't exist yet, at least not in this market, for the EA288. A turbo upgrade would be complex because of the EGR setup and the air-to water intercooler.
Because of this, most folks who want more power get at tune. Rocketchip wasn't mentioned here, but Jeff has a great tune for the EA288. Projected power is 180HP/300 torque. The big benefits in my opinion are much better accelerator response on tip-in, much more like a tuned rotary pump TDI. And the car pulls much better in 6th at lower highway speeds (60 and up). Fuel economy is largely unchanged, unless you use the power all the time.