This problem description is just so classic, and tricky to diagnose without the right tool. Here is what I did for my car with the same symptoms:
Using VagCom you log throttle position, rpm, MAF actual, MAF specified, MAP actual,and MAP specified. (MAP=Manifold Absolute Pressure or Boost). Then with engine fully warmed up, 100% throttle in 3rd gear or higher from 2000-5000rpm, repeat 5 times without getting a speeding ticket. Turn off logging and look at the data. (or send it to me for analyis, I do probability distribution fitting to the paired data) MAF's are usually pretty easy as they work, or are flaky and go to the dreaded 500 number.
On my car it was the MAF which is fairly common. For others it is boost controller hmmm N79 I think. Less common is actual turbocharger, though not unheard of.