Sounds like there's some history- perhaps a timing belt job in the past, and maybe recently encountered a bad engine failure, and maybe suspect or wondering if the recent failure could have been caused by past work ? Recommend post the history (and specifically which car it is, and the mileages when various things occurred...) and share your thoughts- that may put others in a better position to offer feedback.
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Without knowing much specific, my 0.02 in general- yes it is possible that previous substandard work could cause issues in the future, even several thousand miles in the future. There's more than one possible scenario for that. Unfortunately, it's difficult / impossible to prove concretely that past work was the sole cause of future issues, so it's very difficult to pursue for reimbursement etc. Sometimes you just have to lick your wounds and call it "cost of wisdom" etc.
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I'm more familiar with the older (ALH) series, not so much the newer (2005). Did the newer ones contain a balance shaft module that was known for having issues that could destroy the internals if it failed ? ie. I'm trying to suggest that it could be possible that previous work was all done correctly, and something else may have occurred, causing the bad failure. Again- need more specifics about history and what actually happened. Sounds like you might have to invest some labor to take things apart, to reach a more specific diagnosis of what has failed. I'm making lots of a-s-s-u-m-ptions here......